What is meant by the term 'lead angle' in welding?

The term 'lead angle' in welding refers to the angle between the electrode and the vertical plane. This angle plays a crucial role in the welding process, affecting the heat distribution, penetration, and bead profile. By adjusting the lead angle, the welder can control the direction of the arc, which directly influences the quality of the weld. A proper lead angle helps in maintaining the stability of the arc and ensures that molten metal is directed where it's needed most, promoting better fusion between the base materials.

In welding practice, maintaining an appropriate lead angle can help achieve better control over the weld puddle and assist in preventing issues such as undercut or excessive spatter. As such, understanding the importance of the lead angle is essential for producing strong and aesthetically pleasing welds.