Which welding process typically utilizes a flux-coated electrode?

The welding process that typically uses a flux-coated electrode is Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). In SMAW, a consumable electrode that is coated with a flux material is used. When the electrode is heated, the flux coating melts and produces gas and slag that protect the molten weld pool from contamination by atmospheric gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen. This protection helps to ensure a stronger and more robust weld.

Flux is essential in SMAW for both its protective and metallurgical roles. The gases and slag not only shield the weld from impurities but also contribute to the shaping of the weld bead. This process is widely appreciated for its versatility and effectiveness, particularly in various outdoor and challenging work environments.

In contrast, the other welding processes have different characteristics: TIG welding employs a non-consumable tungsten electrode, MIG welding uses a solid wire feed without flux coating (often with an external shielding gas), and plasma cutting is a cutting process rather than a welding process. Each of these methods is distinct in its application and the materials utilized, further highlighting why SMAW’s use of a flux-coated electrode is the correct choice.